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		<title>The 7 Model OSI</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Aug 2008 12:14:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>alibutho</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[the 7 Model OSI]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The 7 Model OSI Layer Model referensi jaringan terbuka OSI atau OSI Reference Model for open networking merupakan  sebuah model arsitektural jaringan yang dikembangkan oleh badan International Organization for Standardization (ISO) di Eropa pada tahun 1977. OSI sendiri merupakan singkatan dari Open System Interconnection. Model ini disebut juga dengan model “Model tujuh lapis OSI” (OSI [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=alibutho.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4455053&amp;post=23&amp;subd=alibutho&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;">The 7 Model OSI Layer</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;" lang="IN">Model referensi jaringan terbuka OSI atau OSI Reference Model for open networking </span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;">merupakan </span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;" lang="IN"><span> </span>sebuah model arsitektural jaringan yang dikembangkan oleh badan International Organization for Standardization (ISO) di Eropa pada tahun 1977. OSI sendiri merupakan singkatan dari Open System Interconnection. Model ini disebut juga dengan model “Model tujuh lapis OSI” (OSI seven layer model).</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Model Refernsi OSI Terdiri dari dua Lapisan Utama :</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent:-18pt;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">1.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Lowers Layers</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Pada lapisan ini bertugas untuk mengendalikan Transportasi Data.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-18pt;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">2.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Uppers Layer</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Pada Lapisan ini berurusan dengan Program Aplikasi dan pada umumnya<span>  </span>di implementasikan pada software</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"><em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">The International Standards</span></em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> <em>Organization </em>(ISO) menetapkan beberapa prinsip untuk menentukan lapisan-lapisan tersebut :</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">1.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Jangan membuat terlalu banyak lapisan yang mengakibatkan proses transfer data menjadi sangat lambat dan tidak efisien.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">2.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Setiap lapisan dibedakan menurut fungsi dan proses yang akan dilakukan. Fungsi-fungsi yang mirip harus dijadikan satu lapisan dan fungsi setiap lapisan dipilih berdasarkan penetapan protocol yang telah distandarkan secara <em>international.</em></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">3.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Batas lapisan harus ditentukan agar dapat meminimalkan arus informasi yang melintasi <em>interface.</em></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">4.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Buatalah interface yang mempunayi interaksi seminimal mungkin dengan lapisan-lapisan lain. Interface yang ada ada pada setiap lapisan hanya dapat berhubungan dengan lapisan di atas dan di bawahnya saja.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">5.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span></em><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"><em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Interface </span></em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">harus ditentukan berdasarkan standar <em>international.</em></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">6.</span><span style="font-family:&quot;">       </span></span></span></em><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Lapisan dapat dimodifikasi tanpa terpengaruh atau mempengaruhi lapisan yang lain.<em></em></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">The 7 Model OSI secara konseptual<span>  </span>dimana masing-masing lapisan memiliki fungsi jaringan yang spesifik:</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">1.<span>  </span><em>Physical Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 0 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">berfungsi dalam pengiriman raw bit ke channel komunikasi. Masalah desain yang harus diperhatikan disini adalah memastikan bahwa bila satu sisi mengirim data 1 bit, data tersebut harus diterima oleh sisi lainnya sebagai 1 bit pula, dan bukan 0 bit. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Secara umum masalah-masalah desain yang ditemukan di sini berhubungan secara mekanik, elektrik dan interface prosedural, dan media fisik yang berada di bawah physical <em>Layer</em>.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">2.<span>  </span><em>Data link</em> <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Tugas utama <em>data link</em> <em>Layer</em> adalah sebagai fasilitas transmisi raw data dan mentransformasi data tersebut ke saluran yang bebas dari kesalahan transmisi. Sebelum diteruskan ke <em>Network</em> <em>Layer</em>, <em>data link</em> <em>Layer</em> melaksanakan tugas ini dengan memungkinkan pengirim memecag-mecah data input menjadi sejumlah data frame (biasanya berjumlah ratusan atau ribuan byte). Kemudian <em>data link</em> <em>Layer</em> mentransmisikan frame tersebut secara berurutan, dan memproses acknowledgement frame yang dikirim kembali oleh penerima. Masalah-masalah lainnya yang timbul pada <em>data link</em> <em>Layer</em> (dan juga sebagian besar <em>Layer</em>-<em>Layer</em> di atasnya) adalah mengusahakan kelancaran proses pengiriman data dari pengirim yang cepat ke penerima yang lambat. Mekanisme pengaturan lalu-lintas data harus memungkinkan pengirim mengetahui jumlah ruang buffer yang dimiliki penerima pada suatu saat tertentu. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">3.<span>  </span><em>Network</em> <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">berfungsi untuk pengendalian operasi subnet. Masalah desain yang penting adalah bagaimana caranya menentukan route pengiriman paket dari sumber ke tujuannya. Bila pada saat<span>  </span>yang sama dalam sebuah subnet terdapat terlalu banyak paket, maka ada kemungkinan paket-paket tersebut tiba pada saat yang bersamaan. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bottleneck. Pengendalian kemacetan seperti itu juga merupakan tugas <em>Network</em> <em>Layer</em>. memungkinkan jaringan-jaringan yang berbeda seperti protocol yang berbeda, pengalamatan dan Arsitektur jaringan yang ber beda<span>  </span>untuk saling terinterkoneksi.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 18pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">4.<span>  </span>Transport <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Fungsi dasar transport <em>Layer</em> adalah menerima data dari session <em>Layer</em>, memecah data menjadi bagian-bagian yang lebih kecil bila perlu, meneruskan data ke <em>Network</em> <em>Layer</em>, dan menjamin bahwa semua potongan data tersebut bisa tiba di sisi lainnya dengan benar. Selain itu, semua hal tersebut harus dilaksanakan secara efisien, dan bertujuan dapat melindungi <em>Layer</em>-<em>Layer</em> bagian atas dari perubahan teknologi hardware yang tidak dapat dihindari.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">5.<span>  </span>Session <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Session <em>Layer</em> mengijinkan para pengguna untuk menetapkan session dengan pengguna lainnya. <strong></strong></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">6.<span>  </span>Pressentation <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">melakukan fungsi-fungsi tertentu yang diminta untuk menjamin penemuan sebuah penyelesaian umum bagi masalah tertentu. <strong></strong></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">7.<span>  </span><em>Application</em> <em>Layer</em></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt 36pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font-family:&quot;">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Berfungsi untuk menentukan terminal virtual jaringan abstrak, sehingga editor dan program-program lainnya dapat ditulis agar saling bersesuaian</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">Referensi :</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">                </span></span><a href="http://www.lear-networking.com/"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">www.lear-networking.com</span></a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;"><span><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;">                </span></span><a href="mailto:ali_butho666@yahoo.com(BAB"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">ali_butho666@yahoo.com(BAB</span></a><span style="font-family:Berlin Sans FB;"> II)</span></span></p>
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		<title>DHCP Server in Windows 2003 Server</title>
		<link>http://alibutho.wordpress.com/2008/08/24/dhcp-server-in-windows-2003-server/</link>
		<comments>http://alibutho.wordpress.com/2008/08/24/dhcp-server-in-windows-2003-server/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Aug 2008 10:28:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>alibutho</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Networking]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[DHCP Server in Windows 2003 Server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is an IP standard designed to reduce the complexity of administering IP address configurations.&#8221; &#8211; Microsoft&#8217;s definition. A DHCP server would be set up with the appropriate settings for a given network. Such settings would include a set of fundamental parameters such as the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=alibutho.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4455053&amp;post=18&amp;subd=alibutho&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:115%;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;">DHCP Server in Windows 2003 Server</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is an IP standard designed to reduce the complexity of administering IP address configurations.&#8221; &#8211; Microsoft&#8217;s definition. A DHCP server would be set up with the appropriate settings for a given network. Such settings would include a set of fundamental parameters such as the gateway, DNS, subnet masks, and a range of IP addresses. Using DHCP on a network means administrators don&#8217;t need to configure these settings individually for each client on the network. The DHCP would automatically distribute them to the clients itself.</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;"><a href="http://None"></a></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;margin:0 0 10pt;"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;"><a href="http://None"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-20" src="http://alibutho.files.wordpress.com/2008/08/untitled1.jpg?w=400&#038;h=100" alt="simple DHCP" width="400" height="100" /></a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;">a simple structure consisting of a DHCP server and a number of client computers on a network.</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal;text-align:center;margin:0 0 10pt;" align="center"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0 0 10pt;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:Calibri;">The DHCP Server itself contains an IP Address Database which holds all the IP addresses available for distribution. If the client (a member of the network with a Windows 2000 Professional/XP operating system, for example) has &#8220;obtain an IP address automatically&#8221; enabled in TCP/IP settings, then it is able to receive an IP address from the DHCP server.</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0 0 10pt;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0 0 10pt;"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size:small;font-family:Calibri;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0 0 10pt;"><em><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;" lang="EN"><span style="font-family:Calibri;">Next Chapter I will guide you to setting up DHCP Server . . . .</span></span></em><em></em></p>
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		<title>Wireless Network Authentication</title>
		<link>http://alibutho.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/wireless-network-authentication/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Aug 2008 10:34:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>alibutho</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Networking]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Wireless Network Authentication Using a Windows 2003 Server     Objectives   Wireless networks should be secured with best technology available at the time, for the minimum possible cost.  The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate that Windows 2003 servers can be used as authentication devices for wireless networks and provide excellent results. Further, [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=alibutho.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4455053&amp;post=9&amp;subd=alibutho&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:center;margin:0;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Wireless Network Authentication </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:center;margin:0;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Using a Windows 2003 Server</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:center;margin:0;" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;text-align:center;margin:0;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Objectives</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Wireless networks should be secured with best technology available at the time, for the minimum possible cost.<span>  </span>The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate that Windows 2003 servers can be used as authentication devices for wireless networks and provide excellent results. Further, using the method described, the entire login process and all data traveling through the air is encrypted. Note: A Certification Authority certificate is used in this lab and can be purchase from a number of sources.<span>  </span>However, to keep costs at a minimum, this exercise uses the built-in Certificate Authority capability of Windows 2003 Server.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Hardware and Software Required</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">The following equipment and software was used in preparation of this lab:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">A Windows 2003 server with active directory installed (domain controller, SP1 installed)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">One or more windows XP client PCs with wireless cards installed (SP2 and Proxim ABG cards were used)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">An access point capable of supporting 802.11i (Linksys WRT54G and Proxim AP-4000 were tested)</span></li>
</ul>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Introduction</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Windows 2003 server includes Internet Authentication Service &#8211; which is the Microsoft flavor of Radius.<span>  </span>Since Windows 2003 supports AES, there is no need to purchase additional components in order to have a highly secure wireless environment based on the 802.11i standard.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Building a wireless network with backend authentication of users offers a much higher degree of security than WEP or WPA with shared keys.<span>  </span>The method demonstrated by this lab offers mutual authentication of the server and the workstation &#8211; with the user merely proceeding through their normal Windows logon process with a user-id and password.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Configuration</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Install a Windows 2003 server and promote it to a domain controller.<span>  </span>Install Service Pack 1.</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Install Certificate Services</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Go to Add Remove Programs in Control Panel and Install Certificate Services.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">As Certificate Services installs you will be asked several questions.<span>  </span>Be sure to install an Enterprise Root certificate, name the certificate as desired, and give it a long validity period</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Check the box for “Store configuration information in a shared folder” and supply a path that will allow easy access, if needed.</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Configure AutoEnrollment Permissions</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Open Active Directory Sites and Services</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">On the View menu, select Show Services Node</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Under the Services node, double-click Public Key Services.<span>  </span>Then double-click Certificate Templates.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">One at a time, right-click on ClientAuth, User, Domain Controller, and Domain Controller Authentication.<span>  </span>Click Properties, select the Security Tab, and set the permission Enroll for Authenticated Users.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Close Active Directory Sites and Services<strong></strong></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Create a domain default policy to install the client certificate (from Microsoft)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">To configure computer certificate enrollment for an enterprise CA</span></strong></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">1.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Open the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">2.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">In the console tree, double-click <strong>Active Directory Users and Computers</strong>, right-click the domain name to which your CA belongs, and then click <strong>Properties</strong>. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">3.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">On the <strong>Group Policy</strong> tab, click the appropriate Group Policy object (the default object is <strong>Default Domain Policy</strong>), and then click <strong>Edit</strong>. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">4.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">In the console tree, open <strong>Computer Configuration</strong>, then <strong>Windows Settings</strong>, then <strong>Security Settings</strong>, then <strong>Public Key Policies</strong>, then <strong>Automatic Certificate Request Settings</strong>.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">5.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Right-click <strong>Automatic Certificate Request Settings</strong>, point to <strong>New</strong>, and then click <strong>Automatic Certificate Request</strong>. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">6.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">The Automatic Certificate Request wizard appears. Click <strong>Next</strong>. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">7.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">In <strong>Certificate templates</strong>, click <strong>Computer</strong>, and then click <strong>Next</strong>. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Your enterprise CA appears on the list. Repeat for Domain Controller.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">8.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click the enterprise CA, click <strong>Next</strong>, and then click <strong>Finish</strong>. </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">9.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">To immediately obtain a computer certificate for the CA that is running Windows 2000 Server, type the following at a command prompt: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">secedit /refreshpolicy machine_policy</span></strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0 9pt 0 12.6pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">10.</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-right:#efefef;border-top:#efefef;border-left:#efefef;border-bottom:#efefef;background-color:transparent;padding:0;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">To immediately obtain a computer certificate for the CA that is running Windows Server 2003, type the following at a command prompt:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">gpupdate /target:computer</span></strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">After the domain is configured for autoenrollment, each computer that is a member of the domain requests a computer certificate when computer Group Policy is refreshed. By default, the Winlogon service polls for changes in Group Policy every 90 minutes. To force a refresh of computer Group Policy, restart the computer or type <strong>secedit /refreshpolicy machine_policy</strong> (for a computer running Windows 2000) or <strong>gpupdate /target:computer</strong> (for a computer running Windows XP or Windows Server 2003) at a command prompt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Install Internet Authentication Service</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Go to Add Remove Programs and install Internet Authentication Service (under Network Services)</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Set up Internet authentication service (radius)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Go to START, PROGRAMS, ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS, INTERNET AUTHENTICATION SERVICE</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Right-click on Radius Clients and Select New Radius Client</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enter the Friendly Name and IP address of the access point</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select Radius Standard from the Client Vendor List</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enter your Pre-Shared key in the Shared Secret and confirm</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Check “Requests must contain the message authenticate or attribute”</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click finish</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click on Remote Access Logging and double-click on Local File on the right</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Check Accounting Requests, Authentication Requests, and Periodic Status For Full Logging To Log Files</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Now Set up a Remote Access Policy (Required)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Right-click on Remote Access Policies and select New Remote Access Policy</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click next</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select Use The Wizard and enter a policy name (your choice)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select Wireless</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select User Or Group Level Access and select users and/or groups in your domain to be allowed access</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select EAP type &#8220;Protected EAP (PEAP)&#8221;</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click Configure</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Ensure the Certificate Issued is set to server.domain.xxx for your install</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Check the Enable Fast Reconnect box</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Select the EAP type &#8220;Secured password (EAP-MSCHAPv2)” and click edit</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Change options if desired</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click<strong> </strong>OK, OK, next, finish</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Right click on Internet Authentication Service and click on Register Server in Active Directory<strong></strong></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Verify User Setup</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Create one or more users in active directory and verify that Dial-in- access is allowed for each user</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">REBOOT the Server</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Join PC(s) to the Windows Domain</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">If possible, the workstation should be connected to the domain by way of a wired connection for the purpose of promoting the workstation to domain membership and to automatically receive the certificate configured in the group policy above. This can also be done via a wireless connection.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Should the certificate fail to install, the certificate folder created when the certificate server was installed should be copied to a diskette or flash key and installed on the workstation (simply double click the certificate to install it.)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">The certificate can be installed from a web browser using http:// (ip or name of server)/certsrv if IIS is installed on the server</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Important: Once the workstation has joined the domain, access the computer account in AD (right-click, properties) and allow “dial-in access.”<span>  </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Configure the Access Point</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Set the access point for WPA Radius</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Set the encryption method to AES</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enter the IP address of the Windows 2003 server (the radius server)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enter the Shared Secret that you entered into the Windows Internet Authentication Service</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Sa<strong>ves changes and reboot the access point</strong></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Configure the Windows XP Wireless Client</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Access the Wireless Network Connection properties screen</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click on the Wireless Networks tab</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click add</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enter the SSID of the access point</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Set the Authentication Type to WPA and Encryption to AES</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click on the Authentication tab</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Set to EAP type to Protected EAP</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Click on Properties</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Validate Server Certificate should be checked</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Connect to These Servers should not be checked.<span>  </span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Find the certificate (installed above) in the “Trusted Root Certification Authorities” list and select it. (If it does not appear in the list, the certificate did not auto-install during the domain join.<span>  </span>You can manually install it by accessing the certificate folder share on the domain controller and double-clicking the certificate.)<span>  </span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Check “Do not prompt user to authorize…” so user does not get a certificate related prompt at first login.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Verify the Authentication Method is set to EAP-MSCHAPv2</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enable Fast Reconnect</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">OK all screens </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Log in to the wireless network using a valid domain user-id and password.<span>  </span>Remember, the user must have dial-in access allowed. </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">NOTE: Don’t rush the login-screen after a re-boot.<span>  </span>The wireless network connection establishes itself in the background.<span>  </span>It typically takes 30 seconds or more to activate the wireless connection.</span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"><br />
</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">References</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Enterprise Deployment of Secure 802.11 Networks. Retrieved on May 18, 2005 from <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/deploy/ed80211.mspx?pf=true">http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/deploy/ed80211.mspx?pf=true</a></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">Certificate Autoenrollment in Windows Server 2003. Retrieved May 18, 2005 from <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/technologies/security/autoenro.mspx">http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/technologies/security/autoenro.mspx</a></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#800080;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';">ali_butho</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;margin:0 0 0 18pt;"><strong><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';"> </span></strong></p>
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		<title>Nasionalisme Sampai Mampus</title>
		<link>http://alibutho.wordpress.com/2008/08/08/nasionalisme-atau-mati/</link>
		<comments>http://alibutho.wordpress.com/2008/08/08/nasionalisme-atau-mati/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Aug 2008 18:31:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>alibutho</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[The Nationality]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Nasionalisme merupakan state of mind yang berarti sejarah pergerakan nasional yang harus dianggap sebagai history of ideas, tercermin dalam konsep sosiologis dari ide, pikiran, motif, kesadaran, harus selalu dihubungkan dengan lingkungan yang konkret dari situasi sosiologi ( H. Kohn,1994).Sebagai contoh wujud pergerakan nasional adalah organisasi Budi Utomo (BU) yang dipandang sebagai manifestasi kesadaran nasional yang [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=alibutho.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4455053&amp;post=3&amp;subd=alibutho&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:63pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0;"><span style="font-family:&quot;"><span style="font-size:small;">Nasionalisme merupakan state of mind yang berarti sejarah pergerakan nasional yang harus dianggap sebagai <em>history of ideas</em>, tercermin dalam konsep sosiologis dari ide, pikiran, motif, kesadaran, harus selalu dihubungkan dengan lingkungan yang konkret dari situasi sosiologi ( H. Kohn,1994).Sebagai contoh wujud pergerakan nasional adalah organisasi Budi Utomo (BU) yang dipandang sebagai manifestasi kesadaran nasional yang dibangkitkan oleh kompleks sosial.Organisasi ini menjadi inspirasi tokoh pergerakan nasional untuk memproklamirkan suatu sumpah yang dikenal dengan sumpah pemuda: (1) Satu Tanah Air (2) Satu Bangsa (3) Satu Bahasa.Hal ini sebagai wujud “cerminan” dari Indonesia Bersatu.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:63pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0;"><span style="font-family:&quot;"><span style="font-size:small;">Hal yang perlu ditanyakan sekarang, apakah kita sebagai Pemuda Indonesia masih ingat dengan jelas apa isi dan makna yang terkandung dari setiap kata sumpah yang kita bangga-banggakan tersebut?. Padahal sebagai warga negara Indonesia kita dituntut mempunyai jiwa nasionalisme yang tinggi terhadap bangsa kita sendiri.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:63pt;line-height:150%;text-align:justify;margin:0;"><span style="font-family:&quot;"><span style="font-size:small;">Lahirnya Sumpah Pemuda tanggal 28 Oktober sebagai pembuktian jiwa nasionalisme kita terhadap tanah air.Namun dalam perkembangannya, sekarang ini sebagian nasionalisme sudah hilang dari diri kita.Peringatan Hari Sumpah Pemuda tahun ini tidak begitu bermakna bagi rakyat Indonesia, khususnya bagi kaum pelajar.Tidak heran pelajar sekarang banyak yang melupakan isi sumpah pemuda bahkan mungkin saja mereka tidak menghafalnya sama sekali.Sebagian dari mereka malah lebih asyik / lebih senang untukdisibukan dengan peringatan-peringatan yang sama sekali tidak penting dan hanya membuang waktu dengan pola hidup konsumtifnya.Peringatan Hallowen tanggal 31 Oktober tahun ini misalnya.Keadaan ini menjadikan benteng pertahanan harus dibangun kembali dan tingkat kewaspadaan bagi bangsa Indonesia harus dimaksimalkan, agar pengaruh dari sejarah kolonialisme tidak akan mampir lagi di negeri kita tercinta.</span></span></p>
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